Witim esses



2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

Patented Mar.6,1883.

0.D. ORVIS.

STEAM BOILBR AND UTHBR FURNAGBS.

' INVENTOR: M I By his .Httomeg/s,

(No Model.)

WITN ESSES:

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

0. D. ORVIS.

STEAM BOILER AND OTHER PURNAGES.

No. 273,299. Patented Mar..6,'1883.

Fig- 4- To all whom t may concern NITED *rares @REL D. onvrs, or NEWYeux, Y.

STEAM-BOILER AND OTHER FURNACES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of LettersPatent No. 273,299, dated March 6,1883.

l Application filed January 13, 1883. (No model.)

Be it known that I, OREL D. Oavis, a citizen of the United States, andaresideut of the city, county, and State of New York, have inventedcertainflmprovements in Steam-Generator and other Furnaces, of which thefollowing is a specification.

My invention relates to f'urnaces in which are arranged pipes which openinto the h'rechamber above the burnin gfuel, through which pipes areintroduced with considerable force jets of combined steam and air,designed to commingle with the heated gases arising from the fire-bedand supply the requisite oxygen and hydrogen for combining with saidgases to produce perfect or nearly perfect combustion.

In efforts to produce or promote perfect combustion in the burning offuel in furnaces practical experience shows-that while jets of combinedsteam and air projected over the burn-l ing fuel in the furnace, and inclose proximity thereto, as illustrated in my Letters PatentNo. 268,720,of December 5, 1882, produces the best results, yet if the air be coldor at the normal temperature the temperature of the steam commingledtherewith will be lowered. Hence the combined jet, when it enters thefurnace, is not'at as high a temperature as it should be to comminglewith and properly ignite the gases. The reduction in temperature of thejet correspondingly reduces the temperature of the rising products ofcombustion, and instead of the gases from the jet igniting those fromthe furnace they all pass od together uncombined. The temperature mustbe maintained -at a high point, as the gaseous products from the furnacewill ignite only at a high temperature. Inrmy patent above referred to Ishowed a means of heating the air before it commingled with -the steamat the jet apparatus. This consisted of a large tube or pipe, arrangediuthe ash-pit, the inner end of which was closed and the outer end, whichprojected out through the furnace-front, open.`

The air-supply pipe for the jet apparatus extended from said apparatusinto the larger fixed pipe and nearly to itsinneror closed end. By meansof this .device the air was caused to enter the larger pipe, pass to itsinner end at the back of the/ash-pit, and return through the air-supplypipe. This device will heat the air to a certain extent; but when alarge amount of air is required to be delivered into the furnace,commingled with the steam from the jet, the passage of the air throughthe pipes is so rapid that it has not time to absorb heat enough toraise its temperature to the point desired before it commingles with thesteam.

The object of my present invention is to provide a means whereby areservoir of heated air, so to speak, may be provided, on which thepipes leading to the jet apparatus will draw for their supply of air,while the reservoir will be filled at another point by; a supplypipe. Inorder that the temperature of the air may be as high as possible, Iarrange the reservoir in the furnace at a point where it will beprotected in a measure from the oxidizing effects of the heat, and yetbe exposed at all times to heat sufficient to raise the temperature ofits contents to the required degree. I also, to economize the heat ofthe air while it is being conveyed, and to prevent radiation,

arrange the pipes leading to and' from the reservoir to pass across theash-pit and close under-the grates of the dre-bed. By thus introducing areservoir of large capacity, comparatively, between the air inlet orsupply pipe and the pipes leading to the jet apparatus I avoid theformation of a direct circulatory current in a considerable degree, andalso modify the disagreeable noise attendant upon the rushing of the airto the vacuum-boxes-of the jet apparatus.

In order that my invention may be the better understood, reference maybe had to the accompanying drawings, wherein it is illustrated asapplied to the furnace of an'ordinary stationary boiler.

Figure l represents the furnace in horizontal section on line l 1 inFig. 2, part of the firegrate being broken away to show the pipesbeneath it. Fig. 2 is a vertical mid-section taken on line 2 2 inFig. 1. Fig. 3 is a fragmentary front elevation. Fig. 4 is a sectionalview corresponding to Fig. 2, designed to illustrate a modification.

Let A represent a boiler; B, the furnacefront; C, the bridge-wall; D,the tire-chamber; E, the grate, and F the ash-pit. These are or may beof the usual kind.

G G represent jet apparatuses, which may- IOO AIS

be constructed and arranged according to the description contained in mypatent of December 5, 1882, before mentioned.

His a hot-air reservoir, which I prefer to arrange behind thebridge-wall and in the combustion-chamber, butin such a position that itwill beprotected in some measure from the oxidizing eifect of the fierceheat of the furnace. I is the inlet-pipe which supplies air to saidchamber H. This pipe extends from the front of the furnace through theash-pit and close under the grate, passing through the bridgewall andconnect-ing with the reservoir H, substantially as shown in Fig. 2.

J J are the pipes which deliver hot air to thejet apparatuses G G fromthe reservoir H. These also extend across the ash-pit, close under thegrate, and are arranged in all respects the same as the pipeI,beforedescribed. Where a jet apparatus G is arranged at each side ofthe furnace, Vas shown in Fig. 1, I prefer to arrange the pipes J toconnect with the reservoir H at or near its ends, and the pipeI toconnect with it at or near its center. This is in order that the pointof ingress of air to the reservoir shall be as far removed from thepoint or points of egress therefrom as possible, so as to avoid acirculatory current, as far as may be, by interposing a large body ofthe heated air between the inlet and outlet. By so doing I seek toprevent the incoming air, which is only moderately heated in its passagethrough pipe I, from passing immediately t0 and through pipesJ to thejet apparatus. This also serves to modify in a great degree the noisewhich would otherwise be produced by the rushing of the air in at thepipe I. I also prefer to employ a pipe, I, having an area little greaterthan the combined areas of the outlet-pipes J, in order that the air maynot be forced in its passage to the reservoir.

In Fig. 4 I have shown the rcservoirH mounted on a support at the backof the ash-pit F and close up under the grates. At this point in theash-pit the reservoir would not be subjected tothe currents of cold ornormally cool air which is entering` to supply the re, and thetemperature of the air therein could be maintained at a high degree.This construction is well adapted to furnaces already constructed, andis somewhat less costly than that shown in Figs. l and 2, as it is notnecessary to penetrate the bridge-wall, and the pipe-connections aremore direct.

I may employ two pipes J to connect each jet apparatus G with thereservoir H in place of one, as shown. Indeed, I do not limit myself toany number of pipes, either for admitting air to or discharging it fromthe reservoir. The number and size of pipes employed would depend uponthe peculiar construction of the furnace and the number and arrangementof the jet apparatuses employed.

I have shown my device as applied to an ordinary boiler-furnace; but itmay also be employed in other forms of furnaces without departing frommy invention.

I have shown the reservoir H as cylindrical; but it may have any desiredcontour.

By the term furnace, as herein employed, is meant the front B andexterior walls, the fire-chamber, combustion-chamber back of thebridge-wall, the ash-pit, and the grate and bridge-wall, all combinedand arranged for heating, &c., as shown.

I am aware that it has been proposed to construct the bridge-wall of afurnace hollow, and to connect it with the outer air with hollowgrate-bars, and that air from this hollow wall has been supplied to thejet-tubes by. means of pipes arranged exterior to the furnace. Myhot-air chamber is not exposed to the direct tierce heat ot' thelire-chamber, and it does not form an integral part of the furnace. Itis readily removable from the furnace, so that when impaired or worn outit may be replaced, and the pipes leading from it to the jet apparatusare not arranged exteriorly, but pass through the ash-pit under thegrate. n

I do not herein claim the employment ofjets of combined steam and heatedair for promoting combustion in furnaces, as'this was shown anddescribed in my before-mentioned patent; but

What I do claim is- 1. 1n a furnace provided with a jet apparatus forsupplying jets of combined steam and air to the same, a removablehot-air reservoir, which does not form an integral part of the IOOfurnace, arranged within said furnace at a point where the air itcontains will be heated to a high degree, and said reservoir providedwith a supply-pipe and with pipes for the delivery of air from it to thejet apparatus employed, all of said pipes being arranged to traverse theash-pit, as andfor the purposes substantially as set forth.

2. The combination, with a furnace, of ajet apparatus arranged to supplya jet of combined steam and air to the tire-chamber of the same, ahot-air reservoir arranged within the combustion-chamber of the furnace,a pipe or pipes leading from said reservoir through the ash-pit to theouter air for supplying said reservoir, and a pipe or pipes leading fromsaid reservoir through the ash-pit for supplying said jet apparatus, allarranged to operate substantially as set forth.

3. The combination, with the furnace, of the elongated reservoir H,arranged within the furnace, and extending across the same, thejetapparatuses G G, arranged to introduce jets of combined steam and airinto the fire-chamber I), the air-supply pipe I, leading from the frontofthe furnace to the reservoir through the ashpit, and the pipes J J,leading from the reservoir, nearits ends, through the ash-pit to the jetapparatus, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

4. The combination, with the furnace and the jet apparatus, of theelongated reservoir H, arranged behind the bridge wall C, as shown, andto extend across the furnace, the

IIO

pipe I, arranged to connect with said reservoir at or near its middle,and to lie close under the grates in the ash-pit, and the pipes J J,arranged to connect with the reservoir at or near its ends,

5 and to lie close under the grates in the ash-pit,

substantially as set forth. Y

In witness whereof I have hereunto signed my name in the presence of twosubscribing witnesses.

l OREL D. ORVIS.

' Witnesses:

J. SfELKINs, ARTHUR L. DENMAN.

